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Using a VPN is a terrific way to protect your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it's not a solution for encrypting your regional files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shot's iPhone, they asked Apple to get a back door to get beyond the encryption. However, no such back door existed, and Apple refused to create one. The FBI needed to employ hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a back door or similar hack exists, it becomes a target, a prize for the poor guys. It'll leak sooner or later. In a talk at Black Hat last summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic revealed that the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update thembut the bad guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, if you wanted to keep a document key you could use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you might lock it up in a safe. The two main methods in encryption utilities parallel with those options.
One type of product simply procedures files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. Another creates a virtual disc drive that, when open, behaves like any other drive on your system. When you lock the digital drive, each of the files you put into it are completely inaccessible. .
Similar to the virtual drive solution, a few products save your encrypted information in the cloud. This strategy demands extreme caution, obviously. Encrypted data in the cloud has a much bigger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It actually depends on how you plan on using encryption. If you're not sure, take advantage of the 30-day free trial provided by each one of these products to get a feel for the different options.
After you copy a file into secure storage, or create an encrypted version of it, you definitely need to wipe the unencrypted original. Simply deleting it isn't sufficient, even if you skip the Recycle Bin, because the information still exists on disc, and data recovery utilities can often return back. .
Some encryption products avoid this issue by encrypting the check this document in place, literally overwriting it on disc with an encrypted version. It is more common, though, to provide safe deletion as an option. If you choose something that lacks this feature, you should find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting information before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based recovery tools. Hardware-based forensic retrieval works since the magnetic recording of data on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It is more of a waveform. In simple terms, the procedure involves nulling out the known data and next reading around the borders of what is left.
An encryption algorithm is like a black box. Dump a document, image, or other file into it, and you get back what sounds like gibberish. Run that gibberish back through the box, using the same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has depended on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and every one the products gathered here support AES. Even the ones that support other calculations tend to recommend using AES.
If you are an encryption expert, you may want another algorithm, Blowfish, possibly, or even the Soviet government's GOST. For the average user, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you have to keep them confidential, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you receive two keys. One is public; you can discuss it with anyone, register it in a key exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you prefer. Another is private, and should be carefully guarded. If I want to send you a key document, I simply encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this system in reverse, you can make an electronic signature that proves your document came from you and hasn't been altered. How Just encrypt it with your private key. The fact that your public key decrypts it is all the proof you need. PKI support is less common than support for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to share a file with someone and your encryption tool doesn't support PKI, there are other options for sharing. Many products enable creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You could also find that the recipient can use a free, decryption-only tool.